This paper proposes a spatial correlation model for within-event residuals of peak ground acceleration and spectral pseudo-acceleration ordinates in the Chilean subduction zone. In general, these models vary from each other depending on the ground-motion database used to generate them, on the adopted intensity measure, on the selected ground-motion model, and on the estimation methods, among others. Over the last 20 years, the spatial correlation of ground-motions has been widely studied and different models have been developed. In this context, the spatial correlation of ground-motion residuals plays an important role in characterizing the probability distribution of the field of shaking intensities. Our outcomes could be used to guide the development of new spatial correlation models.Ī regional seismic risk assessment requires the estimation of ground-motion intensities at multiple locations for a given event simultaneously. Our results suggest that the rate of decay is not only period-dependent, but also regionally-dependent, so that a single universal correlation model based on large datasets is not appropriate when describing the correlation behaviour of small geographical areas. We investigate the dependency on: (1) the estimation method and model fitting technique (2) the magnitude (3) the response-spectral period and (4) local-soil conditions. We use strong-motion records from the 2016–2017 Central Italy earthquake sequence combined with ground-motion simulations to examine the influence of various factors on spatial correlation models. In this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of spatial correlation models, analysing factors that most affect the spatial dependency of IMs. The main reasons for such differences lie with the selected databases, the ground- motion models used to derive the spatial correlation models, estimation approaches and regional geological conditions. Although the functional forms of the models are generally similar, significant discrepancies exist in terms of the rate of decay of the correlation with increasing inter-site separation distance. Numerous spatial correlation models of common IMs, such as peak ground ac- celeration and spectral acceleration, have been published. The quantification of the seismic performance of these systems requires the estimation of simultaneous IMs at multiple locations during the same earthquake, for which the correlation between pairs of locations needs to be defined. Over the past decades, researchers have given increasing attention to the modelling of the spatial correlation of earthquake ground motion intensity measures (IMs), particularly when the seismic risk of spatially distributed systems is being assessed.
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